As I suspected, you don't have a "WAN" IP Address to your upstream Internet Router. From when you connected your laptop to the Internet directly, your IP Subnet for the Internet is 192.168.1.0/24 and your gateway (next hop) is 192.168.1.254. You can create a VE in VLAN 1 (the default VLAN) and have it get an address via DHCP. The config. would be approx.:
vlan 1
router-interface ve 1
interface ve 1
ip dhcp-client
You will still need the default route to the internet:
ip route 0.0.0.0/0 192.168.1.254
However, this only fixes the problem in one direction (sending traffic upstream to the Internet). You will need a route on your Internet Gateway pointing to your ICX switch for the 192.168.30.0/24 network for downstream traffic.
This begs the question, if you only plan on having one IP Subnet 192.168.30.0 on your ICX Switch, why are you running router code? Wouldn't it be simpler to just use your switch as layer 2 only and configure your Internet Gateway to handout addresses in the 192.168.30.0 subnet for clients? Since the Internet Traffic will be NAT'ed anyway, you really could just leave the DHCP clients be assigned in the 192.168.1.0 subnet your Internet Gateway is already configured for.
--Jon