Honestly, it sounds like this is a small network and probably doesn't need routing configured.
Having two devices with vlan 30 configured, but with different IP addressing will require routing, and you'll need to keep the traffic separated by a routing device (could be static routes).
Unless you have a reason to have a separate broadcast domain/routing environment (say this were at a remote site rather than in the same IDF/building), I'd probably keep all of your users on the 10.0.0.0/24 segment instead of introducing 10.0.4.0/24...
The 10.0.0.11 ip address on your larger switch is very likely only used for management purposes, not for routing.
What was said above about stacking being an easy solution for extending the configuration to another switch for ease of management is 100% correct.
If you're not stacking the switches, you need to identify how the traffic is passing back and forth between the switches and while untagged 30 and tagged 200 will work, it would be cleaner to have tagged 30 and tagged 200 for the "trunk" port.
You didn't mention brand of voip phones - chances are very good that configuring LLDP-MED will help with the voice vlan assignment for your phones.